“Spread the corner of your Garment over Me”
With these words, Ruth proposed to Boaz in Ruth 3:9. In an era where most who hold to a complimentarian world view are vying that women must be passive in their role as a woman, I am going to come out and say that the Bible begs to differ. The Bible offers us no prescriptive methods for dating for finding a spouse, but it does offer several descriptive ways that men and women have gotten married in the past. Over the next several blogs I will write about several of them.
The first will be Ruth and Boaz as I think this might offer a paradigm shift in thinking on how complimentarians view the dating process.
2: Adam and Eve
3: Isaac and Rebekah
4: Jacob and Rachel
5: Samson and Delilah
6: David and Abigail
7: David and Michal
8: David and Bathsheba
9: Solomon and whoever his wife was in the Song of Solomon
I can’t think of anymore off the top of my head. If you can think of any let me know. But let’s first take a look at Ruth and Boaz.
Background.
Ruth was a Moabitess who had married Mahlon the son of Elimelech and Naomi. Elimelech, Mahlon, and Kilion died leaving Naomi, Ruth, and her sister in law in Moab without a man to provide for them. Ruth tells her daughters in law that she can’t have any more sons for them to marry, so they should go back to their own houses and find new husbands. The sister in law agrees and Ruth makes a vow before God that she would never leave Naomi and swore her life to her and in that moment made Naomi’s God Yahweh, her God and her people, the Israelites her people forever and returns to Bethlehem.
Naomi bewails her situation and moans that God has forsaken her by taking all the men that she loved out of her life and essentially that she is cursed. Ruth never bemoans her situation but is ready to work to provide for her mother in law and is ready to work when she enters Bethlehem. She goes out to the field to glean wheat, essentially the process of gathering the excess crops that was left over by the landowner which was actually a way of helping out the poor by giving them a chance to gather their own food.
It just so happens that Ruth is working Boaz’s field. Boaz takes notice of her and makes sure his men treat her well. Ruth reports to Naomi how she is receiving special treatment from Boaz and Naomi knows that he is interested and that he is a relative. Now there is no levitical law that stated that a near relative had the duty to marry another dead relative’s widow. However, property rights were an issue and Naomi, as a woman, could not own property, but a man could own the property for her and make sure she was provided for. This is common knowledge, but who would do it wasn’t.
Naomi then schemes with Ruth. She tells Ruth to put on her best clothes, perfume, and make up and then go down to the threshing floor (the place where the wheat was separated from the chaff) and after Boaz had his fill of wine to “Uncover his feet” and lie down and wait for Boaz to tell her what to do. Now, this is where the Bible goes euphemistic. We know that when Saul went into the cave to relieve himself in 1 Samuel 24:3 literally means to cover his feet. We know this because Saul goes into a cave and well—goes number one as is clearly stated in the following verses, putting Saul in the most precarious and vulnerable position.
So when Naomi tells Ruth to get all dressed up, wait for Boaz to get fat and happy on food and wine, then uncover his feet, what could she possibly mean? This verse is translated several ways.
New American Standard: Ruth 3:4 “It shall be when he lies down, that you shall notice the place where he lies, and you shall go and uncover his feet and lie down; then he will tell you what you shall do.”
New English Translation: Ruth 3:4 When he gets ready to go to sleep, take careful notice of the place where he lies down. Then go, uncover his legs, and lie down beside him. He will tell you what you should do.”
New International Version: Ruth 3:4 When he lies down, note the place where he is lying. Then go and uncover his feet and lie down. He will tell you what to do.”
English Standard Version: Ruth 3:4 But when he lies down, observe the place where he lies. Then go and uncover his feet and lie down, and he will tell you what to do.”
King James Version Ruth 3:4 4 And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.
The Message Bible says Ruth 3:4 Lie at his feet to let him know that you are available to him for marriage. Then wait and see what he says. He’ll tell you what to do.
Only the New English Translation and the Message are bold enough to make a stab at what uncover his feet is a euphemism for. NET means his legs which would get kind of risqué, and the Message is flat out saying that uncovering his feet means I want to get married.
To discover what Naomi meant when she told Ruth to do this, we have to see what Ruth actually did.
NASV: Ruth 3:7-9 When Boaz had eaten and drunk and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of grain; and she came secretly, and uncovered his feet and lay down. 8 It happened in the middle of the night that the man was startled and bent forward; and behold, a woman was lying at his feet. 9 He said, “Who are you?” And she answered, “I am Ruth your maid. So spread your covering over your maid, for you are a close relative.”
NET: Ruth 3:7-9 7 When Boaz had finished his meal and was feeling satisfied, he lay down to sleep at the far end of the grain heap. Then Ruth crept up quietly, uncovered his legs, and lay down beside him. 8 In the middle of the night he was startled and turned over. Now he saw a woman lying beside him! 9 He said, “Who are you?” She replied, “I am Ruth, your servant. Marry your servant, for you are a guardian of the family interests.”
KJV: Ruth 3:7-9 And when Boaz had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of corn: and she came softly, and uncovered his feet, and laid her down. 8 And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was afraid, and turned himself: and, behold, a woman lay at his feet. 9 And he said, Who art thou? And she answered, I am Ruth thine handmaid: spread therefore thy skirt over thine handmaid; for thou art a near kinsman.
The Message:Ruth 3:7-9 Boaz had a good time, eating and drinking his fill—he felt great. Then he went off to get some sleep, lying down at the end of a stack of barley. Ruth quietly followed; she lay down to signal her availability for marriage. In the middle of the night the man was suddenly startled and sat up. Surprise! This woman asleep at his feet!
He said, “And who are you?”
She said, “I am Ruth, your maiden; take me under your protecting wing. You’re my close relative, you kno, in the circle of covenant redeemers—you do have the right to marry me.”
Ruth for the most part would have been looked down upon for this right? I mean this is scandalous. She approached a very respected God fearing man in the middle of the night and made an advance to marry him. So what did Boaz think of her move?
NASV:Ruth 3:10-14 Then he said, “May you be blessed of the LORD, my daughter. You have shown your last kindness to be better than the first by not going after young men, whether poor or rich. 11 “Now, my daughter, do not fear. I will do for you whatever you ask, for all my people in the city know that you are a woman of excellence. 12 “Now it is true I am a close relative; however, there is a relative closer than I. 13 “Remain this night, and when morning comes, if he will redeem you, good; let him redeem you. But if he does not wish to redeem you, then I will redeem you, as the LORD lives. Lie down until morning.” 14 So she lay at his feet until morning and rose before one could recognize another; and he said, “Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing floor.”
NET: Ruth 3:10-14 He said, “May you be rewarded by the LORD, my dear! This act of devotion is greater than what you did before. For you have not sought to marry one of the young men, whether rich or poor. 11 Now, my dear, don’t worry! I intend to do for you everything you propose, for everyone in the village knows that you are a worthy woman. 12 Now yes, it is true that I am a guardian, but there is another guardian who is a closer relative than I am. 13 Remain here tonight. Then in the morning, if he agrees to marry you, fine, let him do so. But if he does not want to do so, I promise, as surely as the LORD lives, to marry you. Sleep here until morning.” 14 So she slept beside him until morning. She woke up while it was still dark. Boaz thought, “No one must know that a woman visited the threshing floor.”
The Message: Ruth 3:10-14 He said, “God Bless you, my dear daughter! What a splendid expression of love! And when you could have had your pick of any of the young men around. And now, my dear daughter, don’t you worry about a thing; I’ll do all you could want or ask. Everybody in town knows what a courageous woman you are—a real prize! You’re right I am a close relative to you, but there is one even closer than I am. So stay the rest of the night. In the morning, if he wants to exercise his customary rights and responsibilities as the closest covenant redeemer, he’ll have his chance; but if he isn’t interested, as God lives, I’ll do it. Now go back to sleep until morning.”
Ruth slept at his feet until dawn, but hse got up while it was still dark and wouldn’t be recognized. Then Boaz said to himself, “ No one must know that Ruth came to the threshing floor.”
Ok so a couple things here. Clearly Boaz was righteous because it doesn’t appear that he took advantage of Ruth and “married her” on the spot. He submitted to the cultural norm of giving the man closest relationship to Ruth the opportunity to marry her. Because remember what is at stake here is Naomi’s property which whoever marries Ruth inherits. There is no Biblical precedence for this practice, for nowhere in the Torah doesn’t it say anything about anyone other than brothers marrying a dead brother’s widow to carry on the name of the diseased brother although this is exactly what Boaz does.
Ruth is called righteous, courageous, worthy, excellent. These are all synonyms for the Hebrew word “Ha-eel.” She is called that for going after Boaz when she could have gone after one of the younger men implying that she could have chosen to ask one of the younger men to marry her. Now, this brings us to an interesting place, even in a culture that didn’t allow women to even be in a men’s public place like the threshing floor, Ruth was considered an incredibly good woman for looking after her mother in law and choosing a respectable established man like Boaz for her husband.
So what does this say for us today? I am not saying that men should go to bed every night expecting to wake up to the woman God has for him. But what I am saying is that we may have boxed ourselves in too tightly with this Medieval Knight concept that John Eldridge has given us, that the men are supposed to pursue their princess. They are to win the princess and take her on his great adventure. But the tough thing with that paradigm is within complimentarianism, she moves from princess to helpmate in an instant and once the honeymoon is over is usually set up for disappointment. In a model where she goes after a husband, she is asking that man to be her covering, to be responsible for her and that she is willing to be obedient to his leadership and there is no misconceptions of expectations. The woman is clearly joining that man’s world to be his helpmate and is not being swept off her feet to have all her romantic dreams come true.